COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF DC EV AND BLDC EV IN NORMAL AND REGENERATIVE MODE OF OPERATION

Abstract

The rapid depletion of fossil fuels and the increasing environmental concerns associated with conventional internal combustion engine vehicles have accelerated the development of electric vehicles (EVs). In this context, the selection of an efficient electric motor plays a crucial role in determining the overall performance of EV systems. This project presents a comparative analysis of DC motor-based and Brushless DC (BLDC) motor-based electric vehicles under both motoring (normal driving) and regenerative braking modes of operation. The study focuses on evaluating key performance parameters such as state of charge (SoC), battery voltage, current characteristics, and voltage ripple behavior under varying load and torque conditions. A MATLAB/Simulink-based model is developed to simulate the dynamic behavior of both motor types, incorporating a bidirectional DC-DC converter and appropriate control strategies. The regenerative braking capability is analyzed to assess the effectiveness of energy recovery and its impact on battery performance. Results indicate that BLDC motor-based EVs exhibit superior efficiency, reduced voltage ripples, and improved energy recovery compared to conventional DC motor-driven systems. The findings of this study provide valuable insights into the selection of motor technologies for next-generation electric vehicles, emphasizing enhanced energy efficiency, battery performance, and overall system reliability.