IoT-Based RFID-Enabled Crowd Management and Child Safety System

Abstract

Large public gatherings in places such as temples, festivals, and events present significant crowd management and child safety challenges. This paper proposes an IoT-based RFID-enabled system that assigns unique RFID cards to individuals and tracks their movement across predefined zones using RFID readers interfaced with an ESP32 microcontroller. A parent-child association mechanism enables quick child recovery during separation. Real-time data is transmitted to the ThingSpeak cloud platform for monitoring and analytics. LED and buzzer alerts provide immediate feedback, while NTP synchronization ensures accurate timestamping. The system offers a scalable, cost-effective alternative to manual supervision.